适用于 OpenClaw v2026.2 | 本文假设你已完成基础安装，想扩展 AI 助手能力。

TL;DR: Skills 是预打包的能力扩展。安装 openclaw skill install <name>，目录在 ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/。ClawHub 有 5700+ 社区技能：编码助手、搜索研究、开发运维、网页自动化等。每个技能包含 SKILL.md（描述+触发词+指令）、可选工具实现。安全扫描通过 VirusTotal 验证。

什么是 Skills？

概念解释

Skills 是预打包的能力扩展模块，包含：

Skills vs Tools

技能分类

ClawHub 上的技能按类别组织：

Skills 安装方式

方式一：ClawHub CLI（推荐）

# 搜索技能
openclaw skill search gmail

# 安装技能
openclaw skill install gmail

# 安装指定版本
openclaw skill install [email protected]

# 从 GitHub 安装
openclaw skill install github:user/skill-repo

# 从本地路径安装
openclaw skill install ./my-skill

方式二：手动安装

# 克隆技能仓库
git clone https://github.com/user/skill-repo.git

# 复制到技能目录
cp -r skill-repo ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/skill-name

方式三：粘贴 GitHub 链接

在聊天中直接发送技能的 GitHub 链接，Agent 会自动识别并安装：

请安装这个技能：https://github.com/user/skill-repo

技能目录结构

~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/
├── gmail/
│   └── SKILL.md
├── calendar/
│   └── SKILL.md
├── web-search/
│   ├── SKILL.md
│   └── package.json
└── my-custom-skill/
    ├── SKILL.md
    ├── src/
    │   └── index.js
    └── package.json

ClawHub 使用指南

访问 ClawHub

访问 clawhub.com 浏览所有可用技能。

搜索技能

# CLI 搜索
openclaw skill search <关键词>

# 示例
openclaw skill search email
openclaw skill search calendar
openclaw skill search home assistant

技能详情

每个技能页面包含：

安全扫描

ClawHub 与 VirusTotal 合作，对每个技能进行安全扫描：

# 查看技能安全状态
openclaw skill info gmail --security

# 输出示例：
# Skill: gmail
# Security Status: ✅ Verified
# VirusTotal Scan: Clean (0/72)
# Last Updated: 2026-02-20

安装前检查

# 检查技能依赖
openclaw skill check gmail

# 输出示例：
# Skill: gmail
# Dependencies:
#   - google-auth: required ✓
#   - google-apis: required ✓
# Conflicts: None
# Recommendations:
#   - Consider also installing: calendar

技能配置

配置文件位置

~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/<skill-name>/SKILL.md

SKILL.md 结构详解

---
name: gmail
version: 1.2.0
author: community
description: Send and read Gmail messages through OpenClaw
triggers:
  - email
  - gmail
  - mail
  - send email
  - read email
dependencies:
  - google-auth
tools:
  - gmail_list
  - gmail_send
  - gmail_read
---

# Gmail Skill

Manage your Gmail account through OpenClaw.

## Features

- List recent emails
- Send new emails
- Read specific emails
- Search emails
- Manage labels

## Setup

1. Enable Gmail API in Google Cloud Console
2. Create OAuth credentials
3. Run `openclaw skill config gmail` to authenticate

## Usage Examples

### List emails
User: "Check my recent emails"
Action: Use gmail_list tool with default parameters

### Send email
User: "Send an email to [email protected]"
Action: 
1. Ask for subject and body
2. Use gmail_send tool

### Search emails
User: "Search for emails from github"
Action: Use gmail_list tool with query parameter

## Configuration

Set the following environment variables:
- GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID
- GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET
- GOOGLE_REDIRECT_URI

Or configure in ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/gmail/config.json

技能配置文件

某些技能需要额外的配置：

# 配置技能
openclaw skill config gmail

# 或手动编辑配置文件
vi ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/gmail/config.json

配置示例：

{
  "clientId": "your-client-id",
  "clientSecret": "your-client-secret",
  "redirectUri": "http://localhost:18789/callback",
  "scopes": [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send"
  ]
}

技能环境变量

# 设置技能环境变量
export GMAIL_CLIENT_ID="your-client-id"
export GMAIL_CLIENT_SECRET="your-client-secret"

# 或在 .env 文件中
echo "GMAIL_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id" >> ~/.openclaw/.env

技能管理

查看已安装技能

# 列出所有技能
openclaw skill list

# 输出示例：
# Name           Version   Status    Last Updated
# gmail          1.2.0     active    2026-02-20
# calendar       2.0.1     active    2026-02-18
# web-search     1.0.0     active    2026-02-15
# home-assistant 0.5.0    disabled  2026-02-10

启用/禁用技能

# 禁用技能
openclaw skill disable home-assistant

# 启用技能
openclaw skill enable home-assistant

更新技能

# 更新单个技能
openclaw skill update gmail

# 更新所有技能
openclaw skill update --all

# 检查可更新
openclaw skill outdated

卸载技能

# 卸载技能
openclaw skill uninstall gmail

# 卸载并清理配置
openclaw skill uninstall gmail --purge

技能诊断

# 诊断技能问题
openclaw skill diagnose gmail

# 输出示例：
# ✓ SKILL.md valid
# ✓ Dependencies installed
# ✓ Configuration complete
# ✓ Authentication working
# ✗ API quota exceeded (2/100 used today)

常用技能推荐

编程开发

生产力

搜索研究

智能家居

技能开发基础

创建新技能

# 创建技能模板
openclaw skill create my-skill

# 生成的目录结构
my-skill/
├── SKILL.md
├── config.json.example
└── README.md

SKILL.md 模板

---
name: my-skill
version: 1.0.0
author: your-name
description: Brief description of what this skill does
triggers:
  - trigger-word-1
  - trigger-word-2
dependencies: []
tools: []
---

# My Skill

Detailed description of the skill.

## Features

- Feature 1
- Feature 2
- Feature 3

## Setup

1. Step 1
2. Step 2
3. Step 3

## Usage Examples

### Example 1
User: "..."
Action: ...

### Example 2
User: "..."
Action: ...

## Configuration

Required configuration and environment variables.

## Notes

Any additional notes or warnings.

添加工具定义

## Tools

This skill provides the following tools:

### my_tool_name

Description of what this tool does.

Parameters:
- `param1` (string, required): Description
- `param2` (number, optional): Description, default: 0

Returns:
- Result description

Example usage:
User: "..."
Action: Use my_tool_name with param1="value"

发布技能

# 验证技能
openclaw skill validate my-skill

# 发布到 ClawHub
openclaw skill publish my-skill

# 或提交到 GitHub
git add .
git commit -m "Initial skill release"
git push origin main

技能安全

安全最佳实践

技能权限

# 查看技能权限
openclaw skill permissions gmail

# 输出示例：
# Skill: gmail
# Permissions:
#   - network:outbound (gmail.googleapis.com)
#   - filesystem:read (credential files)
#   - filesystem:write (token cache)
# Risk Level: Medium

限制技能权限

{
  "skills": {
    "gmail": {
      "permissions": {
        "network": {
          "allow": ["gmail.googleapis.com", "oauth2.googleapis.com"],
          "deny": ["*"]
        },
        "filesystem": {
          "allow": ["~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/gmail/"],
          "deny": ["*"]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

技能冲突解决

常见冲突

解决冲突

# 查看技能冲突
openclaw skill conflicts

# 输出示例：
# Conflict: email trigger
#   - gmail
#   - outlook
# Resolution: Specify skill name or adjust priorities

# 设置技能优先级
openclaw skill priority gmail 10
openclaw skill priority outlook 5

隔离环境

对于有依赖冲突的技能，可以使用隔离环境：

{
  "skills": {
    "isolatedSkills": ["gmail", "outlook"],
    "isolationMode": "per-skill"
  }
}

故障排查

技能不生效

# 检查技能状态
openclaw skill list --status

# 检查技能加载
openclaw skill load gmail --verbose

# 查看技能日志
openclaw logs --filter skill:gmail

认证失败

# 重新认证
openclaw skill auth gmail --reauth

# 检查认证状态
openclaw skill auth gmail --status

依赖问题

# 检查依赖
openclaw skill deps gmail

# 安装依赖
openclaw skill deps gmail --install

# 更新依赖
openclaw skill deps gmail --update

技能加载错误

# 验证 SKILL.md 语法
openclaw skill validate gmail

# 输出示例：
# ✗ Error: Invalid frontmatter
#   Line 5: Unknown field 'invalid-field'
# ✗ Error: Missing required field 'name'

小结

Skills 系统是 OpenClaw 扩展能力的核心：

• 丰富的生态：5700+ 社区技能覆盖各种场景
• 简单的安装：一行命令即可安装
• 灵活的配置：支持自定义和覆盖
• 安全可控：权限管理和安全扫描

通过合理选择和配置技能，你可以让 AI 助手获得无限可能的能力扩展。

本篇小结：

• 理解了 Skills 的概念和结构
• 掌握了多种安装和管理技能的方法
• 学会了使用 ClawHub 发现和评估技能
• 了解了技能安全和权限管理
• 掌握了技能开发的基础知识

更新记录：

• 2026-02-26：初版发布，基于 OpenClaw v2026.2

系列导航：

• ← 上一篇：多模型配置与切换
• → 下一篇：Skills 开发入门